How to Prevent Gestational Diabetes

Pregnancy is an exciting time, but it also brings many changes to your body—including how it processes sugar (glucose). Gestational diabetes occurs when your body can’t produce enough insulin to meet the increased demands of pregnancy, leading to higher blood sugar levels.

While not every case can be prevented, healthy habits before and during pregnancy may reduce your risk. Understanding your body, maintaining good nutrition, and staying active can go a long way in protecting your health and your baby’s.

If you’re unfamiliar with gestational diabetes, start with our FAQs About Gestational Diabetes blog to learn more about what it is, how it’s treated, and what symptoms to look for.

 

1. Maintain a Healthy Weight Before Pregnancy

If you’re planning to become pregnant, achieving a healthy weight beforehand can lower your risk of gestational diabetes because excess weight increases insulin resistance. The CDC recommends gradual, healthy lifestyle changes before pregnancy, such as choosing balanced meals, staying physically active, and limiting sugary drinks.

If you’re already pregnant, don’t try to lose weight. Instead, work with your healthcare provider to follow recommended weight-gain guidelines and maintain healthy habits throughout your pregnancy.

 

2. Eat a Balanced, Nutrient-Rich Diet

The right nutrition helps keep your blood sugar levels steady. Choose foods rich in fiber and nutrients, such as:

• Whole grains (like brown rice, oatmeal, and quinoa) 
• Fresh fruits and vegetables 
• Lean proteins (such as fish, turkey, beans, or tofu) 
• Healthy fats (like avocados, nuts, and olive oil)

 

Try to limit refined carbs and added sugars, which can cause spikes in blood sugar. Eating smaller, balanced meals throughout the day can also help keep glucose levels stable. If you’re unsure what to eat, ask your provider for a referral to a registered dietitian who specializes in prenatal nutrition.

 

3. Stay Physically Active

Physical activity improves the way your body uses insulin and supports healthy weight gain during pregnancy.

Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week, such as brisk walking, swimming, or prenatal yoga. Even short 10–15 minute walks after meals can help manage blood sugar levels.

Always check with your healthcare provider before starting or adjusting your exercise routine, especially if you have any pregnancy complications.

4. Get Regular Checkups and Early Screening

Routine prenatal care is one of the most effective tools for prevention. Most providers screen for gestational diabetes between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy, though those with risk factors—such as previous history of gestational diabetes, prediabetes, or higher BMI—may be screened earlier.

Early testing allows for quick intervention if needed, helping you maintain healthy blood sugar levels and reducing risks for both you and your baby.

 

5. Manage Other Health Conditions

If you have prediabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), high blood pressure, or other chronic conditions, managing them before pregnancy can help lower your risk. Regular blood sugar checks, medication adjustments, and lifestyle improvements all contribute to better pregnancy outcomes.

 

6. Focus on Long-Term Health After Pregnancy

Even if your blood sugar returns to normal after giving birth, it’s important to stay proactive. Women who’ve had gestational diabetes have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

Schedule a blood sugar test 4–12 weeks postpartum, and continue regular screenings every 1–3 years. Maintaining healthy habits after pregnancy benefits your long-term health.

Conclusion

Gestational diabetes can’t always be prevented, but healthy lifestyle choices before and during pregnancy can make a significant difference. Balanced nutrition, consistent physical activity, and regular prenatal care all help lower your risk and support a healthy pregnancy.

To learn more about symptoms, risk factors, and treatment options, visit our FAQs About Gestational Diabetes, or schedule an appointment with one of our Revere Health OBGYN providers for personalized care.