Ankle-Brachial Index Testing

Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) testing is a noninvasive diagnostic procedure used to assess blood flow in the legs and detect peripheral artery disease (PAD), a condition where narrowed or blocked arteries reduce blood flow to the limbs. The ABI is calculated by measuring the blood pressure at the ankle and comparing it to the blood pressure in the upper arm (brachium). A low ABI can indicate reduced blood flow and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. At Revere Health, we use ABI testing to help identify PAD early, allowing for timely treatment and management to improve vascular health.

How ABI Testing Works
ABI testing involves using a blood pressure cuff and a Doppler ultrasound device to measure the systolic blood pressure at the ankle and upper arm. The process is simple and painless:

Blood Pressure Measurement: Blood pressure is measured at both the brachial artery (upper arm) and the posterior tibial or dorsalis pedis artery (ankle) using a handheld Doppler device.
ABI Calculation: The ABI is calculated by dividing the systolic blood pressure at the ankle by the systolic blood pressure at the arm. This ratio provides a quantitative measure of blood flow in the legs.

Understanding ABI Results
Normal ABI: 1.0 to 1.4 — Indicates normal blood flow to the legs.
Borderline ABI: 0.91 to 0.99 — May suggest the presence of mild PAD.
Abnormal ABI: 0.90 or lower — Indicates PAD, which may require further evaluation and treatment.
High ABI: Above 1.4 — Suggests stiff arteries, which may require additional testing for other vascular conditions.

When Is ABI Testing Recommended?
ABI testing is recommended for individuals who are at risk of PAD or experiencing symptoms such as:

Leg Pain While Walking (Claudication): Pain, cramping, or tiredness in the legs that occurs during physical activity and improves with rest.
Non-Healing Wounds or Ulcers: Especially on the legs or feet.
Cold or Numb Feet: Persistent symptoms that may indicate poor circulation.
A History of Smoking, Diabetes, or High Blood Pressure: Risk factors for PAD.

Benefits of ABI Testing
Early Detection: Identifies PAD in its early stages, before symptoms worsen.
Noninvasive and Painless: The test is quick and requires no needles or incisions.
Guides Treatment Decisions: Helps determine the need for lifestyle changes, medication, or further vascular testing.

Treatment Options for PAD
If ABI testing indicates PAD, treatment options may include:

Lifestyle Modifications: Such as quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy diet, and exercising regularly.
Medications: To manage symptoms, improve blood flow, and reduce cardiovascular risk.
Minimally Invasive Procedures: Such as angioplasty or stenting to restore blood flow.
Surgery: In severe cases, bypass surgery may be necessary to reroute blood flow around a blocked artery.

Why Choose Revere Health?
Our experienced team uses ABI testing as part of a comprehensive vascular evaluation to accurately diagnose and manage peripheral artery disease. We provide personalized care and treatment plans to help improve circulation, reduce symptoms, and promote long-term health.

For more information or to schedule an ABI test, contact Revere Health today.