What is Vertigo?

What Causes Vertigo?

There are different causes of vertigo, including:

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) – where certain head movements trigger vertigo
Migraines – severe headaches
Labyrinthitis – inflammation of the inner ear
Vestibular Neuronitis – inflammation of the vestibular nerve, which runs into the inner ear and sends messages to the brain that help to control balance
Certain medications

If you are experiencing vertigo, talk to your primary care provider first. He or she may refer you to a neurologist or an ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist.

Treatment for Vertigo

Some cases of vertigo will improve over time without treatment. However, some cases will last for months, or even years. Common treatments for chronic vertigo include:

The Epley maneuver is a series of head movements that are performed to decrease the symptoms of vertigo. To the right is an example of a treatment using the Epley maneuver:

Doctors may also prescribe medicines such as antihistamines and prochlorperazine to alleviate the symptoms

Many people with vertigo also benefit from vestibular rehabilitation training (VRT), which is a series of exercises for people with dizziness and balance problems.

Self Care

Self-care can be done at home to be able to relieve symptoms. Below is a list of activities that are easy to accomplish at home. As always, consult with your doctor on what is best for your specific case.

Sleep with your head slightly raised on two or more pillows
Get up slowly when getting out of bed, and sit on the edge of the bed for a minute or so before standing
Avoid bending down to pick up items
Avoid extending your neck – for example, while reaching up to a high shelf
Move your head carefully and slowly during daily activities
Do exercises that trigger your vertigo, so your brain gets used to it and reduces the symptoms (do these only after making sure you won’t fall, and have support if needed)